Indo-Pak-China: A Comparative Development outlook
Dr Balraj Bishnoi
This is to express development strategies and their outcomes of India, Pakistan and
China after their emergence as an independent state. It compares the economic
structure, development strategies adopted, history of reforms and economic
outcomes of reforms. Here reveals the importance of deep, historically-rooted
determinants of comparative economic development. Advances and empirically establishes the
hypothesis that migratory distance from the geographical origin of Homo
sapiens in INDIAN Subcontinent & China, significantly affected the
pattern of economic development across societies. In the course of advancing
development" diffusion of humans into the Chinese counterpart, variation
in migratory distance generated heterogeneity in the degree of
intra-population genetic diversity, which, consistently with the economic
trade-off associated with diversity, had a persistent non-monotonic effect on
development outcomes in the post-Industrial Revolution era. The findings
suggest that while the intermediate level of diversity prevalent among
Indo-Pak & Chinese populations was conducive for development, the high
degree of diversity among the trio of Asian
populations and the low degree of diversity among Native counterpart
of our baby Pakistan populations is a detrimental force in the historical
development of these regions.
Variations in the interplay between cultural assimilation and cultural
diffusion played a significant role in the advent of divergence and
overtaking in the process of development. Economic development of Societies
of Indo Pak & China that were geographically less vulnerable to cultural
diffusion, benefited from enhanced assimilation, lower cultural diversity
and, thus, more intense accumulation of society-specific human capital,
enabling them to flourish in the technological paradigm that characterized
the agricultural stage of development. The lack of cultural diffusion and its
manifestation in cultural rigidity, however, diminished the ability of these
economies to adapt to a new technological paradigm, which delayed their
industrialization and, thereby, their take-off to a state of sustained
economic growth. Finally, the first
cross-country empirical examination of the predictions of the influential
Malthusian theory regarding population dynamics and income per capita
stagnation in the post-Industrial Revolution/globalization era. Using
exogenous sources of cross-country variations in land productivity and the
timing of the liberalization era, the analysis demonstrates that, in
accordance with the Malthusian theory, economy of these countries were
characterized by higher land productivity and an earlier onset of agriculture
had higher population densities.
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Abstract:FACEBOOK/braj2026@rediffmail.com
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